Venerable Eudoxia of Moscow

Eudoxia of Moscow (Russian: Евдокия Дмитриевна, romanized: Yevdokia Dmitriyevna; 1353 – 1407), also known by her monastic name Euphrosyne (Russian: Евфросиния), was the grand princess of Moscow between 1366 and 1389 during her marriage to Dmitry Donskoy. Eudoxia was a daughter of Dmitry Konstantinovich, Grand Prince of Suzdal and Nizhny Novgorod and Vasilisa of Rostov. Her maternal grandparents were Konstantin Vasilievich, Prince of Rostov and Maria of Moscow. Maria was a daughter of Ivan I of Moscow and his first wife Yelena. On 18 January 1366, Eudoxia married Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy. In 1382, she stayed in Moscow in the absence of her husband, while the army of khan Tokhtamysh was approaching the capital. After the birth of her son Andrey Dmitriyevich, she attempted to leave Moscow, but was detained by the Muscovites, who agreed to let her go only after long negotiations. She was greatly influenced by Alexius, Metropolitan of Kiev. After her husband's death, Eudoxia became known for her piety; legend has it that she possessed the gift of healing. To commemorate her husband's victory at the Battle of Kulikovo, Eudoxia commissioned an icon of the Archangel Michael, which later became the patronal icon of the Kremlin's Archangel Cathedral. In 1387, Eudoxia established the Ascension Monastery next to the Frolovskaya (Spasskaya) Tower of the Moscow Kremlin. Later in her life, Eudoxia Dmitriyevna took the veil at the Ascension Monastery under the name of Yefrosiniya (Euphrosyne) and remained there until her death in 1407. In 1393, she founded the Church of the Nativity of the Theotokos (Церковь Рождества Богородицы), the oldest surviving building in Moscow. The church was dedicated to the Virgin's Nativity, because on this feast her husband defeated the Tatars in the Battle of Kulikovo. According to tradition, in 1395, during Tamerlane's invasion into southern Russia, she had the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God transferred to Moscow.